Over the 18 years during which the country has carried out reforms, and GDP has grown by 10%, the country has managed to achieve significant results in environmental issues. The policy aimed at the development of such areas as the economy, the environment andsociety, as practice has shown, has proved to be quite successful.

What measures are being taken by the Government?

China is a member of the world community, so significant efforts are being made to protect the environment. The country takes an active part in internationalaffairs on this issue, complies with all obligations, which shows that the Chinese government and people are ready to resolutely protect the ecology of the planet.

For the country’s leadership, environmental issues are in the first place. They have repeatedly stressed thatthe curtailment of China is closely linked to the harmonious existence of nature and man. Until a balance and complete harmony between these two components are achieved, there can be no talk of fruitful cooperation, including in other areas.

Earlier, in the 70s , when China’s development went up sharply, economic growth was accompanied by a negative impact on the environment, and, accordingly, negative consequences. The authorities sought to somehow balance the development of two industries – environmental and economic, taking measures to minimize harm.

Since the 80s, environmental protection has been enshrined as the main state policy. However, significant results in the implementation of all developed programs were achieved only by the beginning of the 90s.
Experts in the field of ecology note that investments in this area and work aimed at raising the level of environmental awareness were not in vain and led to significant positive results.

New marine environment programme

Recently, a program called “Blue Sea – 2022” was launched in China. The initiator of its launch was the Country’s Coast Guard, the Ministry of Environmentand Ecology, the Administration of Steppe and Forestry, as well as the Ministry of Informatization and Industry. The task of the initiative is to strengthen the protection of the marine environment and the development / use of natural resources, as well as monitoring the implementation of legislation on these issues.

In the near future, measures will be strengthened to monitor the activities of law enforcementin such areas as:
● dumping of waste at sea;
● extraction/transportation of sand.
The purpose of the program is to suppress any offenses, including illegal sand mining and oil spills. The authorities of the country urge local residents to take an active part, andif there is information about the offense, to report to the hotline of the Coast Guard of China (BCC).

How the world community celebrates the merits of China

The country periodically receives UN awards for its contribution to the field of environmental protection. Here are some of them:
1. In ’20-17, the Saihanba Forest Plantation Community, in northern China, won the Champions of the Earth Award, and they did a great job and made a significant contribution to environmental protection by restoring a lot of degraded land.
2. In 2018, Zhejiang Province launched an environmental protection program aimed at restoring the affected lands and eliminating pollution in the water. She was awarded an award in the “Inspiration and Action” section.
3. In 2019, the Ant Forest app, which runs on the basis of the famous Alipay PS, won an award called “Champions of the Earth” for planting half a million trees in those areas of China that are most affected by drought.
China has made significant progress in the fight against individualpollution, and it receives rewards. Along with the battle for clean air, soil and water, there is also a struggle to eliminate poverty and serious risks.
Every year the air is getting cleaner, thanks to the fact that inmany cities the amount of pollutant emissions into the atmosphere has significantly decreased, and the quality of surface water also continues to improve.
According to THE ESTIMATES OFEI, such attention and positive results in the field of environmental protection have hada positive impact on related industries.
China’s fight against industrial waste

Work to eliminate and prevent the effects of industrial pollution occupies a special place. For more than 20 years, the government has been working on the development and implementationof various projects designed to make the work of enterprises safer, minimize the amount of waste and put into operation new, modern technologies.

In the early 70s, work on the elimination and prevention of environmental pollution by industrialenterprises was concentrated mainly on individual plants and plants. And in the 80s, the strategy was significantly revised and modernized. As a result, the following actions were taken:
● restructuring of an irrationally located industry;
● restructuring of the structure of products and industries as a whole;
● technical reconstruction of enterprises;
● increasing the intensity of control;
● strengthening control over compliance with environmental rules and regulations in individual enterprises.
A little later, the Government introduced a procedure for assessing the impact of new industrial projects, as well as the mandatory installation and commissioning of anti-pollution facilities , thereby significantly reducing the risk of new sourcesof pollution.
The main measures for elimination and prevention:
● introduction of environmentally friendly and environmentally friendly technologies;
● a ban on the production of products and equipment that require high specific monetary and energy costs, as well as technologies that pollute the environment. In particular, these measures affected the light, construction, metallurgical, chemical and electricity industries;
● closure, transformation or relocation of enterprises that are heavilypolluted as a result of the improvement and transformation of districts;
● perpetrators of pollution must eliminate the consequences within a strictly established time;
● as a result of the introduction of an integrated approach, the transformation and design began to affect the entire river basin or region;
● measures have been taken to reduce resource and energy costs;
● measures have been taken to increase the capacity in the field of utilization and processing of solid, gas and liquid waste.

The result of all these actions was a reduction in the amount of emissions that negatively affect the environment, but at the same time the industry is constantly developing and is becoming more efficient every year.

The post Environmental Protection in China appeared first on Transitionbristol.

Global Nest is an international association of scientists, technologists, engineers and other interest groups involved in all scientific and technological aspects of the environment as well as in the application of methods aimed at sustainable development. The main goal of the organization is to support and promote the dissemination of information about the most modern methods for improving the quality of life through the development and application of environmentally friendly technologies and policies.

World Society for the Protection of Animals

World Society for the Protection of Animals (WSPA) – WSPA is international non-profit animal protection organization working in more than 150 countries of the world with more than 900 organizations.

WSPA has 13 offices in Australia, Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Costa Rica, Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Tanzania, Thailand, USA and UK, with headquarters in London.

The World Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals was created in 1981 by the merger of two animal protection societies -. The World Federation for the Protection of Animals (WFPA), founded in 1953 and the International Society for the Protection of Animals (ISPA), founded in 1959.

WSPA’s goal is a world in which animal welfare is valued and cruelty is ended, WSPA’s mission is. To create a global movement for the protection of animals.

WSPA fights both against animal cruelty in general and campaigns separately against specific types of cruel and inhumane treatment, such as bullfighting, bear baiting, whaling, captive dolphin keeping, and intensive animal husbandry.

The WSPA is known for campaigns to protect bears, one of which is Libearty, started in 1992. Currently, the WSPA is fighting to end agricultural bear breeding, bear baiting, and exploitation of bear “guys.” In addition, the WSPA funds and advises member organizations and works to rehabilitate orphaned bears and bear sanctuaries. It can be said that in large part because of the WSPA’s campaign against bear baiting, this blood sport has been stopped in Pakistan.

World Wide Fund for Nature

The World Wildlife Fund is an international nongovernmental organization dedicated to conservation, research, and restoration of the natural environment. The official name of the organization has been changed from World Wildlife Fund to World Wide Fund for Nature, but the former name remains official in many countries.

It is the largest independent conservation organization in the world, with approximately 5 million employees and volunteers worldwide, working in over 120 countries. Every year WWF implements more than 1,200 environmental projects, drawing the attention of millions of people to environmental problems and their solutions. The organization exists on voluntary contributions and about 9% of its budget comes from private donations.

WWF’s mission is to stop the increasing degradation of the planet’s natural environment and to achieve harmony between man and nature. The main goal is to preserve the Earth’s biodiversity. The symbol of WWF is the giant panda.

More than half of the money comes to the Fund as charitable donations from organizations and individuals. Since its inception, WWF has provided funds for about 11,000 projects in 130 countries around the world.

Global Ecolabeling Network

The Global Ecolabelling Network (GEN) – Association of independent organizations from 36 countries that implement eco-labeling systems in accordance with a voluntary international standard ISO 14024.

GEN works closely with the World Trade Organization, and one of its members is the European Community Commission on Environmental Certification and Labeling.

Robin Taylor is chairman of the Global Ecolabeling Network.

Greenpeace

• is an international environmental organization founded in 1971 in Canada. The primary mission of the organization is to promote environmental revitalization and bring conservation to the attention of people and authorities.

The organization is funded solely by donations from people who care about nature conservation. Greenpeace does not accept funding from business, government or political parties.

The growth of its popularity came after many activities aimed at the preservation of the environment.

Main Directions

As of March 2007, there are six objectives in theҐinnisu program:
1, stop global warming;
2, to preserve the nature of the oceans;
3, to preserve ancient forests and jungles;
4, to ensure atomic disarmament;
5, introduce organic farming;
6, stop the manufacture of toxic substances.

Countries of distribution

Greenpeace first appeared in Canada in 1971. It has spread from that time to almost every country in North and South America. The conservation organization is more widespread in Asia than in Europe. Australia and Oceania have many Greenpeace affiliates. Greenpeace is least common in Africa and Antarctica.

Regional Offices

The regional offices include several states.

Central and Eastern Europe (Austria, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia)

Scandinavia (Denmark, Norway, Finland, Sweden)

Mediterranean (Israel, Lebanon, Malta, Turkey)

Southeast Asia (Indonesia, Thailand, Philippines)

Australia and Oceania (Australia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Fiji)

National Offices

Europe: Belgium, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Luxemburg, Netherlands, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Spain, Switzerland, Ukraine, UK

Asia: China, India, Japan

Africa: Congo, Senegal, South Africa

North America: Canada, Mexico, USA

South America: Argentina, Brazil, Chile

Australia and Oceania: New Zealand

European Environment Agency

The European Environment Agency (EEA) is an EU agency providing independent information on the state of the environment. Also known as the European Environmental Agency (EEA), the European Environment Agency. It is located in Copenhagen (Denmark).

The materials of the EAD are the main information base for those involved in the development, adoption, implementation and evaluation of environmental policies, as well as for the public.

The main directions of the EAD work are:

• preventing climate change;
• preventing the loss of biodiversity and understanding its spatial shifts;
• protection of human health and quality of life;
• use and management of natural resources and waste.

The EAD has 32 member states (27 EU countries together with Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, Switzerland and Turkey) and six cooperating countries (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Serbia and Montenegro).

The European Environmental Information and Surveillance Network (Eionet) is a cooperation network between the EAD and the partner countries. The EAD is responsible for developing the network and coordinating its activities. For this purpose, the EAD works closely with the national focal points, usually the national environmental agencies or ministries of nature protection. They are responsible for coordinating the national networks with many institutions (about 300 in total).

The Earth Charter Initiative

The Earth Charter Initiative is the collective name of an extremely diverse global network of people, organizations, and institutions that take part in spreading and embodying the moral and ethical standards and principles of the Earth Charter.

The Initiative represents a large-scale voluntary civil society movement. Its participants include leading international institutions, national governments and their agencies, university associations, non-governmental organizations, local communities, municipalities, various faith groups, schools, the business community, and thousands of individuals.

Mission and goals

The Earth Charter’s mission statement is to promote the transition to a sustainable way of life and global society within a common ethical framework that is based on respect and care for the living community, ecological integrity, universal human rights, respect for diversity, economic justice, democracy and a culture of peace.

Objectives:

• To familiarize the global community with the Earth Charter and to spread understanding of its comprehensive ethical vision.
• Promote the acceptance and formal recognition of the Earth Charter by individuals, organizations and the United Nations.
• Encourage use of the Earth Charter as an official reference and the embodiment of its principles by civil society, businesses and governments.
• Encourage and support the use of the Charter for educational purposes in schools, universities, religious communities, local communities, etc.
• Promote the recognition and application of the Earth Charter as a document of “m’which” law.

The post Environmental organizations appeared first on Transitionbristol.

The sun is the main source of energy on Earth, because about 173 PW (or 173 million GW) of solar energy reaches our planet every year, which is more than 10,000 times the world’s energy needs. Photovoltaic modules on rooftops or outdoor areas convert sunlight into electrical energy using semiconductors – mostly silicon. Solar collectors produce heat for heating and hot water production, as well as for air conditioning.

Solar panels can produce power even when it’s cloudy and even when it’s snowing. For best efficiency, they should be installed at a certain angle – the farther away from the equator, the greater the angle of the panels.

Wind energy

Using wind as a driving force is a long tradition. Windmills were used for grinding flour, sawmills) and as a pumping or water pumping station. Modern windmills generate electricity from wind power. They first turn the kinetic energy of the wind into mechanical energy of the rotor, and then into electrical energy.

Wind power is one of the fastest growing renewable energy technologies. According to the latest IRENA data, the world’s onshore and offshore wind power capacity has grown nearly 75-fold over the past two decades, from 7.5 GW in 1997 to about 564 GW by 2018.

Water power

As far back as ancient Egypt and the Roman Empire, water power was used to drive working machines, including mills. In the Middle Ages, water mills were used in Europe in sawmills and pulp and paper mills. Since the end of the 19th century, water energy has been used to generate electricity.

Geothermal energy

Geothermal energy uses the heat from the earth to produce electricity. The temperature in the earth’s crust can heat the upper layers of the earth and the reservoirs beneath it. Geothermal energy is extracted from the ground using shallow wells – this does not require much capital investment. It is especially effective in regions where hot springs are close to the surface of the earth’s crust.

Bioenergy

Bioenergy is versatile. Heat, electricity and fuel can be produced from solid, liquid and gaseous biomass. At the same time, plant and animal waste is used as a renewable raw material.

Tidal energy

Tides and waves are another way to generate energy. They make the generator rotate, which is responsible for generating electricity. Thus, wave power plants use hydrodynamic energy, i.e. the energy, pressure difference and temperature difference of sea waves, to generate electricity. Studies in this area are still underway, but experts have already calculated that the European coast alone could generate more than 280 TWh of energy annually, which is half the energy consumption of Germany.

How different countries around the world are implementing energy transition plans

Countries around the world have set ambitious targets for the transition to renewable energy. The goals are also part of the Paris Agreement – by 2030, zero-carbon solutions can be competitive in sectors that account for more than 70% of global emissions. This is to be done through the energy transition, the process of replacing the coal economy with renewable energy. In 2020, despite the pandemic and economic recession, many cities, countries and companies continued to announce or implement decarbonization plans.

India is expected to make its biggest contribution to renewable energy in 2021. It plans to launch a number of wind and solar projects.

The European Union is also forecast to see a jump in capacity growth in 2021. Here, even in a pandemic, they do not forget about the Green Deal – the largest economic course correction in the history of the EU. The goal of the project is to form a carbon-neutral space in the EU by 2030. For this purpose, it is planned to reduce the volume of greenhouse gas emissions by 40% of the 1990 level and to increase the share of energy from renewable sources to 32% in the total energy consumption structure. According to the European Commission, it will be possible to achieve these goals by means of annual investments in the amount of €260 billion. The share of renewables in the EU energy system is also constantly growing. For example, in the first half of 2020, about 40% of electricity in the EU was generated from renewable sources.

So far, the leaders in investment in the development of renewable energy are China, the U.S., Japan, and the UK. Since BloombergNEF began tracking this data, global investment in wind and solar power, biofuels, biomass and waste, and small hydropower has increased by almost an order of magnitude. In annual terms, investment in clean energy has grown from $33 billion to more than $300 billion over 20 years.

In ten years, China has become the main producer of renewable energy equipment. First and foremost, we are talking about solar panels. Seven of the ten largest solar panel manufacturers in the world are Chinese companies. In general, the development of technology has made it cheaper to build new renewable energy facilities. This brings China’s plans to become carbon neutral by 2060 closer.

The post Types of alternative energy sources appeared first on Transitionbristol.